HOW LONG MUST ONE HOLD THE STOCK IN ORDER TO ACTUALLY BE PAID THE ADVERTISED DIVIDEND?

Let’s contend the stock, XYZ is the ticker, pays the 7% dividend. I buy 100 shares during $100/share 2 months prior to the ex division date, as well as the batch cost does not shift any. How most division [or "yield"] will I be paid by the batch during the remuneration date?
Further, how mostly have been the dividends paid out – is it usually once per year?